Nikon Bayonet Lens
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Pentax K mount by jekky
Mounts br The Pentax K mount has undergone a number of evolutions over the years as new functionality has been added In general the term K mount may refer to the original K mount or to all its variations br Originally designed by Zeiss for an alliance with Pentax citation needed it was intended to be a common lens mount for a proposed series of cameras and lenses However the plan failed to work out and the two firms parted company amicably but Pentax retained the lens mount and at least one Zeiss lens design for its own use citation needed br K mount br The original K mount is a simple bayonet connection with three tabs It was introduced with the K series of cameras The lens is locked into the camera with an approx 70 clockwise turn when looking at the front of the camera br The only linkage with the camera is mechanical and involves the aperture A slot between two of the bayonet tabs on the lens allows the stop down coupler from the camera to sense the aperture setting on the lens and adjust the light meter display accordingly Opposite this is the diaphragm release from the lens which extends into the camera body and holds open the spring loaded diaphragm of the lens When setting up a shot this keeps the diaphragm fully open When the shutter is released so is this lever It allows the diaphragm to close to the desired setting while the film is being exposed and opens it again after the shutter closes br Both of these linkages are arranged so that they are aligned and spring loaded by the act of inserting the lens and turning it until it locks br Bodies equipped with the original K mount include the K series the M series except the ME F and the LX Lenses that support it include those labelled SMC Pentax SMC Pentax M and SMC Pentax A These K mount bodies cannot use lenses that lack an aperture ring such as FAJ or DA br K mount lenses can be used on all Pentax bodies but can only be used in stopped down mode with crippled KAF mount bodies see below br KF mount br The KF mount was Pentax s first attempt at an autofocus system This autofocus system used sensors in the camera body and a motor in the lens The two were connected via five new electrical contacts on the bayonet mount itself One permitted the lens to turn on the camera s metering and focus sensors two focused the lens towards and away from infinity and two appear to have been unused and may have been reserved for future functionality br The KF mount was largely a failure Only one camera and one lens ever used this mount the Pentax ME F and SMC Pentax AF 35 70 2 8 The lens was somewhat large and cumbersome since it had to enclose both the focusing motor with gears and batteries to power it KF and the ME F are similar in many ways to the system used by Canon in the ill fated Canon T80 introduced several years later br The ME F can use all Pentax K mount lenses except for FAJ lenses which lack an aperture ring The 35 70 160 mm lens can be used on all other Pentax K mount bodies in manual focus mode but it must be used stopped down on crippled KAF bodies br KA mount br The KA mount is derived from the original K mount It allows the lens aperture to be set by the body and thus permits shutter priority and program auto exposure modes It was introduced in 1983 and is supported by A series and P series bodies Pentax lenses that support it are marked SMC Pentax A It is completely backward compatible with the original K mount br The aperture on the lens is set from the body by the same stop down lever found on the original K mount but on KA lenses this lever is proportional to the area of the aperture opening rather than the diameter as on previous lenses This allows the body to easily set a specific aperture since the relationship to F stops is linear The lenses add an A setting on the aperture dial which gives the body control of the aperture Other numeric settings are used for manual aperture modesperture priority and full manual mode br Six electrical contacts are added to the bayonet ring One is slightly recessed and allows the lens to indicate whether the aperture ring is set at A or not If it is a pin on the lens extends slightly and makes contact while if the lens is at any other setting the pin is retracted and does not make contact The other five contacts are used to encode the lens aperture range Each contact on the lens is either conducting or non conducting providing a binary 1 or 0 respectively Two contacts encode the lens minimum aperture 16 f 22 f 32 or f 45 although no Pentax K mount lens has ever had an f 16 minimum aperture OEM lenses often have The other three contacts encode the lens maximum aperture their meaning is dependent on the minimum aperture indicated by the lens br KAF mount br The KAF mount was Pentax s second and much improved attempt at adding auto focus to lenses It adds a small drive shaft to the KA mount allowing the body to adjust the focus of the lens This makes the lenses less bulky than the earlier KF mount which had both a motor and batteries inside the lens br It also adds a seventh electrical contact this one carrying digital information from the lens to the camera It carries the following information focal length distance to the subject exact absolute f stop value and lens size This information is used to make better exposure decisions along with the multi segmented metering that was introduced in cameras using the KAF mount br KAF2 mount br Pentax MZ 3 showing the KAF2 mount with the mechanical stop down coupler indicator at 2 o clock the auto focus transmission coupling at 4 o clock two additional power zoom electrical contacts at 5 oclock and the digital information pin at 6 oclock br The KAF2 mount is the same as the KAF mount except that it adds two extra contacts to the inside of the mounting ring for power zooming and transmits modulation transfer function MTF data through the digital seventh contact On the K10D digital SLR model and later models like K100D Super K20D and K200D the two power contacts can also power Supersonic Drive Motor lenses br KA2 mount br The KA2 is identical to KAF but lacks the autofocus drive shaft Another way of looking at it is that it adds the seventh contact for digital information to the KA mount br Crippled KAF mount br The crippled KAF mount is used on the MZ 30 ZX 30 MZ 50 ZX 50 MZ 60 ZX 60 the ist series and the K100D K110D The only difference between the regular KAF mount and the crippled version is the removal of the mechanical stop down coupler indicator The result is that most of these bodies can only correctly use lenses which have an A setting on the aperture ring or crippled KAF lenses With a K M also known as pre A lens the body cannot tell what aperture the lens is set to with the crippled mount The ist series and K series digital cameras have a work around which allows K M lenses to be used in full manual exposure mode by simply pressing the AE Lock button to stop down the lens and take a meter reading The onbody flash only fires at full power making it difficult with pre A lenses a Flash Guide Number calculation is required This lens mount includes DA and FA J series lenses br Crippled KAF2 mount br Pentax K10D Crippled KAF2 mount The mechanical stop down coupler indicator found at 2 o clock in the KAF2 is missing from the crippled version br The crippled KAF2 mount is found on Pentax DSLRs released beginning with the K10D K100D Super It supports the extra features of the KAF2 mount including the two power contacts for the lens Power zoom is supported not full support and only in K10D as well as lenses with focus motors Such lenses support Supersonic Drive Motor SDM allowing for quieter autofocus Like the crippled KAF mount it does not have a mechanical stop down coupler indicator and thus can only use stop down metering on pre A lenses br R K mount br The R K mount is a variation on the original K mount by Ricoh It supports Ricoh s own implementation of shutter priority and auto exposure modes similar to the KA mount but much simpler The only addition to the original K mount is a small pin at the bottom which tells the body when the aperture ring has been set to the P setting similar to the A setting on Pentax KA lenses br The R K mount is used on Rikenon P lenses Ricoh bodies that include the letter P in their model number and some non Ricoh lenses It is compatible with all other K mount cameras and lenses when in manual or aperture priority exposure modes however the extra pin needs to be removed for safe use on autofocus Pentax cameras If this is not done the lens may lock on the camera body and will need dismantling before it can be removed from the body of Pentax autofocus cameras The P setting is not compatible with the A setting as the P pin is in a different location than the A contact on Pentax A lenses and the flange on Pentax bodies br Adaptors to use on k mount br M39 br Adaptors can be found to allow use of the Leica 39mm mount into the k mount but they do not allow to focus to infinity br M42 br Pentax supplies adapters to fit M42 screw mount lenses as do several third party manufacturers The M42 screw mount system was used by Pentax prior to the introduction of the K mount Pentax designed the K mount wide enough to allow an adapter to fit between the M42 thread and the K bayonet They also kept the same flange focal distance also called registration distance as the M42 screw mount so that M42 lenses focus correctly using the correct adapter such as Pentax original or Bowen There are however other 3rd party adapters that add to the flange focal distance so that one loses the ability to focus to infinity br Many old M42 lenses have a modern day cult reputation including the Pentax Asahi Takumar range Some manufacturers including Carl Zeiss AG still make lenses in the M42 mount Only K mount cameras have the right flange focal distance 45 46mm to accept old M42 lenses without any optical correction or loss of infinity focus changed close focus distance Other SLRs with smaller flange focal distance can also accept M42 lenses with dedicated adapters Canon EOS 44mm Olympus 4 3rd 38 67mm Sony same mount as Konica Minolta Minolta 44 5mm Sigma 44mm and other companies but significantly not Nikon 46 5mm br Mamiya 645 br Nikon AI AIS br Optically corrected adapter to use Nikon AIS AI lenses on k mount br Voigtlander Bessamatic Retina br Adapter for Voigtlander Bessamatic Retina lenses Voigtlander Bessamatic Voigtlander Ultramatic Kodak Retina SLR or Kodak iiis lenses br Petri br There is also some Petri adapter to K mount but those do not allow to focus to infinity due to the different flange to film plane distance br Medium Format br Pentax made adapters for its medium format lenses to use on the K mount both the 645 and 67 and for the Hasselblad Bayonet type Also there is a Pentacon Six Kiev88 CM adapter still in production and a shift adapter to use Pentacon lenses as shift lens br Pentax 645 br Pentax 67 br Hasselblad Bayonet type br Pentacon Six br Mamiya 645 br S mount and T Mount br Mounts used for Telescopes microscopes and generic optics The T mount was initially developed by Tamron 1957 to allow the easy adaption of generic 35mm SLR optics into multiple mounts The T mount is a 42mm diameter 0 75mm pitch screw mount with a 55mm flange focal distance Later versions T2 T4 TX was more advanced and complex Several other manufacturers besides Tamron have used these mounts Because the T mount is still used for many telescopes and microscopes they are still available new Note do not confuse the T mount M42x0 74 and the M42 mount M42x1 0 lenses or adapters They are both screw mounts of the same diameter and will mount if they are forced but the difference in pitch can cause damage to the lens adapter or camera mount if they are confused br C mount br Adaptall br These are adaptors designed by Tamron to allow the transfer of apperture setting from lens to camera or vice verse including the Adapt A matic 1969 Adaptall 1973 and Adaptall 2 1979 When Pentax introduced the KA mount in 1983 Tamron upgraded their Adaptall 2 K mount into a Adaptall 2 KA mount Fore more details see the Tamron article or the Adaptall 2 web site br Adaptors for other cameras to use K mount br Olympus FourThirds br Canon EF EOS br Minolta MA Sony Alpha br Leica Screw Mount M39 br Cameras br Pentax br Manual focus br K K2 KX KM K1000 K1000 SE br K ME ME SE ME Super ME Super SE MG MV MV1 MX br K LX br KA Super A Program A A3 br KA P3 P5 P30 P30n P30t br KA2 MZ M br Auto focus br KF ME F br KAF SFX SFXn SF7 MZ 6 MZ 7 br KAF2 Z 1 Z 5 Z 10 Z 20 Z 50 Z 70 br KAF2 MZ S MZ 3 MZ 5 MZ 5n MZ 10 br crippled KAF
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